Warehouse Racking Systems
Warehouse racking systems are composed of pallet rack, a steel structure configured in rows with multiple levels of storage for pallet loads
Warehouse racking systems are the most common storage mediums utilized in a warehouse or distribution center. There are many different sizes and configurations of warehouse racking, which are determined based on the customized needs of the user and the products they are storing. Warehouse racking systems also comes in many forms, from high selectivity to high density. Some of the warehouse pallet rack types are:
| Warehouse Pallet Racking System Types | Selectivity | Density | FIFO/LIFO | Pick Rate | Cost | System Size | System Height |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selective Rack - Wide Aisle | High | Low | FIFO | High | Low | Any | High |
| Selective Rack - Narrow Aisle | High | Medium | FIFO | Medium | Low | Medium to Large | High |
| Double-Deep Selective Rack | Medium | Medium | LIFO | Medium | Low | Any | High |
| Twinload | Low | Medium - High | LIFO | Low | Medium - Low | Medium to Large | Medium |
| Drive-In Rack | Low | Medium - High | LIFO | Low | Medium - Low | Medium to Large | Medium |
| Push-back Rack | Medium | Medium - High | LIFO | High | Medium | Medium to Large | Medium |
| Pallet Flow Rack | Medium | Medium - High | FIFO | High | Medium | Medium to Large | Medium |
| Shuttle System - Semi-Automated | Medium | High | FIFO | Medium | Medium | Medium to Large | Medium |
| Shuttle System - Fully Automated | High | High | FIFO | High | High | Large | High |
| Crane System - Single-Deep - Semi-Automated | High | High | FIFO | Medium | High | Large | Very High |
| Crane System - Double-Deep - Semi-Automated | Medium | High | LIFO | Medium | High | Large | Very High |
| Crane System - Fully Automated | High | High | FIFO | High | High | Large | Very High |
Many factors go into the design of pallet storage rack, including pallet sizes and weights, accessibility to product requirements, forklift utilization, and many others. Some of the factors to consider for designing a storage rack system may include:
- Sizes and weights of the pallet loads to be stored
- Storage density and selectability of pallets desired
- Number of SKU’s and pallets per SKU
- Building clear height, along with fire protection limitations
- Inventory rotation requirements
- Hazardous classification of the product to be stored
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